Random Number Generator in C++

To generate a random number in C++, you can use the library introduced in C++11, which provides a flexible set of features for random number generation. Here's an example of generating a random integer between 1 and 10, inclusive:

                 
                #include <iostream>
                #include <random>

                int main() {
                    // Random number generator
                    std::random_device rd;  // Obtain a random number from hardware
                    std::mt19937 gen(rd()); // Seed the generator
                    std::uniform_int_distribution<> distr(1, 10); // Define the range

                    // Generate and print a random integer between 1 and 10
                    std::cout << "Random Number: " << distr(gen) << std::endl;

                    return 0;
                }
 
                               
                

In this code:

• std::random_device is used to obtain a truly random number from your system's hardware (if available).
• std::mt19937 is a Mersenne Twister pseudo-random generator used to generate high-quality random numbers. It's seeded with the value obtained from std::random_device.
• std::uniform_int_distribution defines a uniform distribution in the range [1, 10]. When used with a random number generator, it produces random integers in the specified range, inclusive.
• distr(gen) generates a new random integer in the specified range each time it's called.

This approach is more flexible and preferable for modern C++ applications compared to older methods like rand().